Since molybdenum is a very expensive alloy addition, it adds greatly to the overall cost of 316 versus 304. It is used in heavy gauge components for improved weldability. Ss316 has only difference in molybdenum content which enables it corrosion protective in saline. This has nearly the same physical and mechanical properties as the 304 stainless steel. Both are nonmagnetic, austenitic, and nonhardenable through heat treatment. Apr 03, 2017 the difference between type 304 and 316 stainless steel is the incorporation of molybdenum of up to 3%. Outwardly, 304 stainless steel and 316 stainless steel look very similar. This grade of steel also has excellent drawing properties and can be formed into bar, rod or sheet stock. Understanding magnetic properties of 304 and 316 stainless. In the next section, you will learn about various 316 stainless steel properties that make the material ideal for harsh chemical and saline environments. The quickness of this process depends on the amount of chromium in the steel. In order to assis t the reader in this selection, euro inox makes the following tables of technical properties available. How to be sure that this grade or the other is suitable for your.
This compilation of stainless steel grade datasheets has been produced by atlas steels. Since molybdenum is a very expensive alloy addition, it. Chemical composition of stainless steels flat products. Type 304, with its chromiumnickel content and low carbon, is the most versatile and widely used of the austenitic stainless steels. Sep 27, 2012 type 316 stainless steel is an austenitic chromiumnickel stainless and heatresisting steel with superior corrosion resistance as compared to other chromiumnickel steels when exposed to many types of chemical corrodents such as sea water, brine solutions, and the like. The difference in their structure is primarily the addition of molybdenum to. It is often utilized in process streams containing chlorides or halides. They cannot be hardened by heat treatment, but their mechanical properties may be improved through various wrought processes such as cold heading and roll threading. The addition of molybdenum provides pitting resistance in phosphoric acid, acetic acid and dilute chloride solutions and provides corrosion resistance in sulfurous acid. Molybdenum moly nil nil 2 to 3 molybdenum increases the corrosion resistance.
Both types have many practical industrial, medical and household applications. Design guidelines for the selection and use of stainless steel nidl distributed by. Stainless steel offers many advantages that make it a desirable material for a wide variety of applications. The most common type of 304 stainless steel is the 188 or 188 steel, which constitutes 18% chromium and 8% nickel. Stainless steel has different corrosion properties which includes being noncorrosive, rustresistant steel, which is simply designated as stainless steel. Dock builders supply type 304 vs type 316 stainless steel. May 18, 2005 stainless steel 304 is an austenitic grade that can be severely deep drawn. With the controlling of nitrogen in the composition, the structure is around 50% austenite and. Each is slightly different, and each is used for different purposes. What is the difference between stainless steel 310 and. Used predominantly in kitchens, transport, hospitals, architecture, etc.
The main difference between type 304304l and type 316316l is the addition of 23 wt% molybdenum in the latter. Before determining this, it is good to understand what makes a grade of stainless steel magnetic or not. The addition increases corrosion resistance, particularly against. Difference between 304 grade and 316 grade stainless steel. It has almost the same physical and mechanical properties as 304 stainless steel, and contains a similar material makeup. The most popular acidresistant material is steel aisi 316, which exhibits increased. Stainless steels aisi 304 vs aisi 316 the difference. Service tests are most reliable in determining optimum material, and astm g4. Properties with values for just one material 2, in this case are not shown. Other than 304 stainless steel, other common austenitic grades include the popular marine grade, 316 stainless steel and the machining bar grade, 303 stainless steel. Well known stainless steel grade, very close to the 201 grade but with lower mechanical properties. We manufacture springs using several stainless steel grades including 302, 304, 316, and 177 ph. Petroleum engineers steel products manualstainless and heat.
Its main function in stainless 316 is to help fight off corrosion from chlorides. The only downside to 304 stainless steel is that it slowly corrodes and will eventually show signs of wear and tear. In comparison with aluminium, stainless steel is approximately 3 times heavier. The difference between 304 vs 316 stainless steel is molybendum content. The lack of understanding that persists can be justified given the fact that on the surface, the two grades of stainless steel in question look extremely similar, if not identical. Grade 316 stainless steel belongs to a stainless steel family that also comprises of 304, 302, 347 and others. The difference in their structure is primarily the. Two, known as 430 and 304, have different properties that come from mixtures of iron and other metals in slightly different amounts. These two stainless steels are very similar in their mechanical properties and are among most widely used austenitic stainless steels 304 edging out 316 for most prevalent.
Globally, 304 accounts for more than 50% of stainless steel consumed. The most basic difference between the grades of steel is the presence of molybdenum in stainless 316. Ss304 and ss316 are one of the important stainless steel austenite material grades which are defined in american standards. Typical uses include exhaust manifolds, furnace parts, heat exchangers, jet engine parts, pharmaceutical and photographic equipment, valve and pump trim, chemical equipment. Service tests are most reliable in determining optimum material, and astm g4 is a recommended practice for carrying out such tests. When you compare stainless steel 174 ph vs 316, it is obvious that 174 ph has higher hardening content. This property has resulted in 304 being the dominant grade used in applications like sinks and saucepans. May, 2018 ss304 and ss316 are one of the important stainless steel austenite material grades which are defined in american standards. Stainless steel, a rustresistant variation of ordinary steel, comes in many standard types, each identified by a number. Type 304l is the low carbon version of stainless steel 304. They have a moderately high 95% of their average alloy composition in common. Stainless steel specifications, grades and properties. Type 316 stainless steel is an austenitic chromiumnickel stainless and heatresisting steel with superior corrosion resistance as compared to other chromiumnickel steels when exposed to many types of chemical corrodents such as sea water, brine solutions, and the like.
Its important to understand when selecting a grade of stainless steel ss for your application or prototype, if the material needs to have magnetic properties or not. The two steel grades are comparable in appearance, chemical makeup and characteristics. Paper open access related content corrosion resistance of the. Jan 08, 2018 this has nearly the same physical and mechanical properties as the 304 stainless steel.
Stainless steel 304, ss 310s, ss 316 chemical composition. Though the stainless steel 304 alloy has a higher melting point, grade 316 has a better resistance to chemicals and chlorides like salt than grade 304 stainless steel. Well known stainless steel as well, with very high corrosion resistance, it is usually reserved to very aggressive. Similar to 304, grade 316 stainless steel has high amounts of chromium and nickel. Precipitation hardening grade is a combination of two stainless steel structures i. The price of stainless steel depends on the price of the alloying element and the amount of the alloy eg. Just as an example, the alloy designated as 316 is commonly used in both the jewelry industry and the. The key difference is that 316 stainless steel incorporates about 2 to 3 percent molybdenum. Sae 304 ss also known as a2 stainless or 188 for its composition of 18% chromium and 8% nickel. Taking steel plates as an example, the cost of 316 is about 1. When you compare stainless steel 304 vs 316, experts conclude 316 stainless steel has almost the same chemical composition as that of 304 stainless steels. Difference between stainless steel 201 and 304 bebon.
Type 316 stainless steel in an environment of 25% phosphoric acid, and figure 3 shows effects of temperature on types 304 and 316 in very concentrated sulfuric acid. The chemical composition of these two types of stainless steels is given in table 5. Jun 25, 2015 316 stainless contains a fair amount of molybdenum to improve hightemperature mechanical stability and corrosion resistance in certain marine environments. Minimum room temperature mechanical properties, astm a240 and a666 specifications. Each of these stainless steel grades will resists corrosion, are quite durable, and are easily formed and fabricated. The 304 stainless steel is classified as a t 300 series austenitic stainless steel alloy, containing a minimum of 8 percent nickel and 18 percent chromium with a maximum of 0.
Stainless 304 usually consists of 18% chromium and 8% nickel. Top of the list is the tremendous diversity of alloys available, meaning that steel can be adapted to fit nearly any imaginable use. Ss316 and 174 ph are one of the most important stainless steel grades. Grade aisi 316 stainless steel, ss316 uns s31600 properties. Adding nickel to stainless steel in sufficient amounts, changes the microstructure to austenite. Understanding magnetic properties of 304 and 316 stainless steel. The 316 stainless steel is common in a number of industrial applications involving processing chemicals, as well as highsaline areas such as coastal regions and outdoor areas where deicing salts are common. Ss316 is better than ss304 in terms of corrosion resistance, heat resistance and certain properties, but the price is higher than aisi 304, for more details, please check stainless steel grade 304 vs. It increases the strength of stainless steel and also makes it more durable in. Whats the difference between 304 and 316 stainless steel. Stainless 316 contains more nickel than stainless 304, while 304 contains more chromium than 316. Tables of technical properties of stainless steels flat products the selection of the appropriate stainless steel grade for each applic ation is the result of variou s considerations.
In addition to this, the nickel content in type 316 stainless steel is higher than that in type 304 stainless steel. Martensitic stainless steels the first stainless steels to be developed for commercial applications were martensitic steels were used for cutlery. The last thing you need is your outdoor electrical enclosure rusting out on you. Molybdenum is a chemical element used for the strengthening and hardening of steel. The main difference between 304 vs 316 stainless steel is the composition and corrosion resistance, ss304 doesnt contain molybdenum while ss316 contains 23% molybdenum. Minimum mechanical properties for annealed types 316, 316l, 317 and 317l austenitic stainless steel plate, sheet and strip as required by astm specifications a240 and asme specification sa240, are shown below. When dealing with stainless steel materials, people often have a tough time differentiating between 304 grade stainless steel and 316 grade stainless steel. Stainless steel 304 is an austenitic grade that can be severely deep drawn.
Construction encasement, doors, windows and armatures, offshore technology, cisterns and tubes for chemical tankers. Stainless 316, 316l, 317, 317l united performance metals. A major difference between 304 and 316 stainless steel is the chemical composition, with 316 containing a significant amount of molybdenum. Sep 17, 2019 ss316 and 174 ph are one of the most important stainless steel grades. Our 304 stainless steel springs are cold drawn and meet astm a 3 standards. Ss316 is better than ss304 in terms of corrosion resistance, heat resistance and certain properties, but the price is higher than aisi 304, for more details, please check stainless steel grade 304 vs 316, and 316 vs 316l. Is 316 stainless steel worth the extra cost over 304. Type 304 stainless steel an overview sciencedirect topics. Stainless steels stainless 304 properties, fabrication. Mar, 2018 stainless steel, a rustresistant variation of ordinary steel, comes in many standard types, each identified by a number.
Type 304 alloys are all modications of the 18% chromium, 8% nickel austenitic alloy. Type 316 is an austenitic chromiumnickel stainless and heatresisting steel with superior corrosion resistance as compared to other chromiumnickel steels when exposed to. Click here to view our 304 vs 316 stainless steel infographic. Paper open access related content corrosion resistance. The l designation means 316l steel has less carbon than 316. Stainless steel aisi 304 is used most frequently, which results from its anticorrosion properties as compared to the price. Mar 22, 2018 similar to 304, grade 316 stainless steel has high amounts of chromium and nickel. The most common grade of austenitic stainless steel is 304 1. This grade of stainless steel is commonly used in the surgical industry, paper pulp industry as well as in the production of dyes and chemicals.
Stainless steels aisi 304 vs aisi 316 the difference fractory. There are 34 material properties with values for both materials. When it comes to applications with chlorinated solutions or exposure to salt, grade 316 stainless steel is considered superior. Both aisi 304 stainless steel and aisi 316 stainless steel are iron alloys. There is a variety of different types of 316 stainless steel. The lower carbon content minimizes chromium carbide precipitation due to welding and its susceptibility to intergranular corrosion. Different stainless steel qualities are used for door hardware, such as aisi 201, 304, 316 or 430. The difference between 304 and 316 stainless steel metal. Aisi 304 can be used in the atmospheric environment, natural water, alkaline solutions and certain acids. Stainless 316 is made up of 16% chromium, 10% nickel and 2% molybdenum. Ss316 has only difference in molybdenum content which enables it corrosion protective in saline environments. Applicationsalloy 316316l uns s31600 s31603 is a chromiumnickelmolybdenum austenitic stainless steel developed to provide improved corrosion resistance to alloy 304304l in moderately corrosive environments.
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